High-speed passive switches enable PCIe 2.0 switching
Maxim Integrated Products introduces the MAX4888A/MAX4889A high-speed PCI Express® (PCIe®) passive switches capable of switching data at a signaling data rate of 5.0Gbps. These passive switches support PCIe 2.0 data-switching requirements, offer low power consumption, and feature a flow-through pin configuration for optimized PCB layout. The MAX4888A is a dual, high-speed, passive PCIe switch and the MAX4889A is a quad, high-speed, passive PCIe switch, both of which can switch at a data rate of 5.0Gbps. The MAX4888A/MAX4889A are both capable of switching PCIe 2.0 data rates with operating voltages of 1.8, 2.5, or 3.3V in an industry-standard pinout.
The MAX4888A is a dual single-pole/double-throw (2 x SPDT) switch ideally suited for switching two equivalent lanes (either Rx or Tx) of PCIe data. The equivalent half lanes can be either one source and two destinations or two sources and one destination. By handling Rx and Tx data in separate devices, the MAX4888A minimizes the effects of crosstalk. The MAX4888A/MAX4889A are fully specified to operate from a single 3.0V to 3.6V power supply and also operate down to +1.65V. The MAX4888A is available in a 3.5mm x 5.5mm, 28-pin TQFN package. The MAX4889A is available in a 3.5mm x 9.0mm, 42-pin TQFN package. Both devices operate over the -40°C to +85°C temperature range. The MAX4888A/MAX4889A are fully specified to operate from a single +3.0V to +3.6V power supply over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. These devices also operate down to +1.65V. The MAX4888A is available in a 3.5mm x 5.5mm, 28-pin TQFN package, and the MAX4889A is available in a 3.5mm x 9.0mm, 42-pin TQFN package. The MAX4888A/MAX4889A feature a single digital control input (SEL) to switch signal paths.
The MAX4889A quad switch offers twice the capacity, handling four equivalent lanes (Rx or Tx) of PCIe data. The MAX4888A and MAX4889A feature a single digital-control input (SEL) to switch signal paths. The parts are also designed to minimize power and skew, in essence, offering a zero delay switch. Although originally designed for PCIe, the MAX4888A/MAX4889A may be useful for other differential-signaling applications, where signal levels are centered around ground level, such as DisplayPort™. The MAX4888A/MAX4889A high-speed passive switches route PCI Express® (PCIe) data between two possible destinations. The MAX4888A is a quad single-pole/double-throw (4 x SPDT) switch ideally suited for switching two half lanes of PCIe data between two destinations. The MAX4889A is an octal single-pole/double-throw (8 x SPDT) switch ideal for switching four half lanes of PCIe data between four destinations.
The MAX4888A/MAX4889A primary applications are aimed at reallocating PCIe lanes. For example, in graphics applications, several manufacturers have found that it is possible to improve performance by a factor of nearly two by splitting a single 16-lane PCIe bus into two 8-lane buses. Two of the more prominent examples are SLI™ (Scaled Link Interface) and CrossFire™. The MAX4889A permits a computer motherboard to operate properly with a single 16-lane graphics card, and can later be updated to dual cards. The same motherboard can be used with dual cards where the user sets a jumper or a bit through software to switch between single- or dual-card operation. Common mode below 1V operation requirement.
Digital Control Input (SEL)
The MAX4888A/MAX4889A provide a single digital control input (SEL) to select the signal path between the COM__ and NO__/NC__ channels. The truth tables for the MAX4888A/MAX4889A are depicted in the Functional Diagrams/Truth Table section. Drive SEL rail-to-rail to minimize power consumption.
Analog Signal Levels
The MAX4888A/MAX4889A accept standard PCIe signals to a maximum of V+ - 1.2V. Signals on the COM_+ channels are routed to either the NO_+ or NC_+ channels, and signals on the COM_- channels are routed to either the NO_- or NC_- channels. The MAX4888A/MAX4889A are bidirectional switches, allowing COM__, NO__, and NC__ to be used as either inputs or outputs.
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